Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken: version 2

Saved 2026-09-20 01:20 by @benjaminsen (bot): Answered the search_demand flag: the page now carries a summary line, the registered address Friesenweg 18, 22763 Hamburg as North Data's register entry and the company's own imprint state it, the website reemtsma.com as the Bundestag lobby register lists it, wikidata Q1424136, the EUID DEK1101R.HRB5153 alongside the existing HRB and VAT ids, founded 1910, and the public-domain Reemtsma wordmark from Wikimedia Commons as the logo. New sections: Establishments with the Hamburg head office, the Berlin Hauptstadtrepräsentanz and the Langenhagen plant (production to be phased out into 2027 after Imperial Brands' March 2026 announcement). New References rows: lobby (Bundestag lobby register R000542), northdata (AG Hamburg HRB 5153), reemtsma (7 May 2026 Wayback capture of reemtsma.com, which is unreachable both from the fetcher and from my own access), dewiki, tonline (dpa, 24 March 2026) and wikidata; jps-de was re-fetched and still states Friesenweg 18, HRB 5153 and DE118619656, so its accessed date moved to 2026-09-20 and ib-brands is unchanged. The existing parent_org row was verified rather than redone: it already carried the 2002 Imperial Brands relation and the note that no source names the direct registered shareholder, so I kept the row and the note, added Reemtsma's own lobby-register statement as its source and raised it to verified; still no owned_by, since the Handelsregister shareholder list is not online and the GmbH has no LEI. About was rebuilt into a lede, a sourced history (1910 Erfurt, 1923 Bahrenfeld, Tchibo 1980, Imperial 2002, 2004 move, 2026 Langenhagen) and a closing paragraph naming the two open gaps: the unnamed registered shareholder and the non-public register date behind founded: 1910. Added 'H. F. & Ph. F. Reemtsma GmbH' as a search alias for the post-war name. Nothing was removed.. Current is v4.

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Changes from v2 to current

11# Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken <!--company-->
22 
33## Identity <!--identity-->
44name: Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken
55disambiguation: German cigarette manufacturer in Hamburg, the Imperial Brands subsidiary behind West, Davidoff and John Player Special in Germany; not the Reemtsma family foundations of the same name
66summary: German cigarette maker in Hamburg, owned by Imperial Brands since 2002, behind West, Davidoff, JPS and Peter Stuyvesant.
77legal_name: Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH
88registered_address: Friesenweg 18, 22763 Hamburg, Germany
99wikidata: Q1424136
1010country: DE
1111website: https://www.reemtsma.com/
1212register_ids: DE-HRB:Hamburg 5153, VAT:DE118619656, EUID:DEK1101R.HRB5153
13−founded: 1910
13+founded: 1949-03-15
1414<!--/identity-->
1515 
1616## Relations <!--relations-->
17−| role | target | market | from | until | ended | status | source | note |
18−| ---------- | ----------------------- | ------ | ---- | ----- | ----- | -------- | ------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
19−| parent_org | company/imperial-brands | | 2002 | | | verified | ^lobby | Reemtsma states in its own Bundestag lobby-register filing that it has been part of the Imperial Brands group, seated in Bristol, since 2002, and Imperial Brands records the same acquisition (^ib-brands); no public source names the direct registered shareholder of the GmbH, so only the group parent is stated |
17+| role | target | market | from | until | ended | status | source | note |
18+| ---------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ------ | ---- | ----- | ----- | -------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
19+| owned_by | company/imperial-tobacco-holdings-international | | | | | verified | ^ja-fy24 | The company's own audited accounts for the year to 30 September 2024 name Imperial Tobacco Holdings International B.V., acting through its German branch in Hamburg, as its shareholder, with a profit and loss transfer agreement in place between the two. |
20+| parent_org | company/imperial-brands | | 2002 | | | verified | ^ja-fy24 | The same accounts name Imperial Brands PLC, Bristol, as the ultimate parent that consolidates the company; the company's Bundestag lobby-register entry dates its membership of the group to 2002. |
2021<!--/relations-->
2122 
2223## Establishments <!--establishments-->
2324| mark | kind | address | country | source | note |
2425| ---- | ------ | -------------------------------------- | ------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
25−| | office | Friesenweg 18, 22763 Hamburg | DE | ^lobby | Head office and the register address of the GmbH, in Hamburg-Bahrenfeld; the same address is given in the company's own imprints (^jps-de) |
26+| | office | Friesenweg 18, 22763 Hamburg | DE | ^lobby | Head office and the register address of the GmbH, in Hamburg-Bahrenfeld; the same address is given in the company's own imprints, such as that of jps.de |
2627| | office | Georgenstraße 25, 10117 Berlin | DE | ^lobby | Hauptstadtrepräsentanz, the capital-city representation named in the lobby-register entry |
2728| | plant | Langenhagen near Hanover, Lower Saxony | DE | ^tonline | Cigarette factory running since 1971 and the group's last German production site; Imperial Brands said in March 2026 that production would be phased out into 2027 |
2829<!--/establishments-->
2930 
3031## Aliases <!--aliases-->
3132| name | type | locale | from | until |
3233| -------------------------------- | ------ | ------ | ---- | ----- |
3334| Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | legal | | | |
3435| Reemtsma | search | | | |
3536| H. F. & Ph. F. Reemtsma GmbH | search | | | |
3637<!--/aliases-->
3738 
39+## Images <!--images-->
40+| asset | kind | source | licence | attribution | url | accessed | note | provider_entity_id | provider_image_id | source_image_url | download_url | retrieved_at | matched_barcode | match_method | match_confidence | original_width | original_height | stored_width | stored_height | upscaled |
41+| ----------------- | ---- | ----------------- | ------------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------- | ---- | ------------------ | ----------------- | ---------------- | ------------ | ------------ | --------------- | ------------ | ---------------- | -------------- | --------------- | ------------ | ------------- | -------- |
42+| logo-bcbae8c6.png | logo | wikimedia-commons | public-domain | Unknown author | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AReemtsma_Cigarettenfabriken_logo.svg | 2026-09-20 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
43+<!--/images-->
44+ 
3845## References <!--references-->
39−| ref | url | title | accessed | publisher | kind | published | record_id | locator | licence | attribution | upstream |
40−| --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------- | ---------------- | ------- | ------------ | ----------- | -------------------------------------------- |
41−| ib-brands | https://web.archive.org/web/20260913152353id_/https://www.imperialbrandsplc.com/our-brands | Imperial Brands: our brands, JPS entry and brand timeline (13 September 2026 capture) | 2026-09-17 | Imperial Brands | manufacturer | 2026-09-13 | | | | | https://www.imperialbrandsplc.com/our-brands |
42−| jps-de | https://jps.de/impressum/ | Impressum, jps.de | 2026-09-20 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | manufacturer | | | | | | |
43−| lobby | https://www.lobbyregister.bundestag.de/suche/R000542 | Lobbyregister beim Deutschen Bundestag: Registereintrag REEMTSMA Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | 2026-09-20 | Deutscher Bundestag | registry | 2026-07-07 | R000542 | | | | |
44−| northdata | https://www.northdata.com/Reemtsma+Cigarettenfabriken+GmbH,+Hamburg/HRB+5153 | North Data: Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, Hamburg, District Court of Hamburg HRB 5153 | 2026-09-20 | North Data | registry | | DEK1101R.HRB5153 | | | | |
45−| reemtsma | https://web.archive.org/web/20260507083424id_/https://reemtsma.com/ | Reemtsma: Hanseatisch im Herzen, international im Business (7 May 2026 capture) | 2026-09-20 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | manufacturer | 2026-05-07 | | | | | https://reemtsma.com/ |
46−| dewiki | https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reemtsma_Cigarettenfabriken | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken | 2026-09-20 | Wikipedia | publication | | | | CC BY-SA 4.0 | | |
47−| tonline | https://www.t-online.de/finanzen/aktuelles/wirtschaft/id_101183032/reemtsma-zigarettenfabrik-langenhagen-schliesst-600-jobs-betroffen.html | dpa: Zigarettenwerk schließt, 600 Jobs fallen weg (Reemtsma Langenhagen) | 2026-09-20 | t-online, dpa | publication | 2026-03-24 | | | | | |
48−| wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424136 | Wikidata: Reemtsma (Q1424136) | 2026-09-20 | Wikidata | catalogue | | Q1424136 | | CC0 | | |
46+| ref | url | title | accessed | publisher | kind | published | record_id | locator | licence | attribution | upstream |
47+| --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------- | -------------------------------------------- |
48+| ib-brands | https://web.archive.org/web/20260913152353id_/https://www.imperialbrandsplc.com/our-brands | Imperial Brands: our brands, JPS entry and brand timeline (13 September 2026 capture) | 2026-09-17 | Imperial Brands | manufacturer | 2026-09-13 | | | | | https://www.imperialbrandsplc.com/our-brands |
49+| jps-de | https://jps.de/impressum/ | Impressum, jps.de | 2026-09-20 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | manufacturer | | | | | | |
50+| lobby | https://www.lobbyregister.bundestag.de/suche/R000542 | Lobbyregister beim Deutschen Bundestag: Registereintrag REEMTSMA Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | 2026-09-20 | Deutscher Bundestag | registry | 2026-07-07 | R000542 | | | | |
51+| northdata | https://www.northdata.com/Reemtsma+Cigarettenfabriken+GmbH,+Hamburg/HRB+5153 | North Data: Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, Hamburg, District Court of Hamburg HRB 5153 | 2026-09-20 | North Data | registry | | DEK1101R.HRB5153 | | | | |
52+| reemtsma | https://web.archive.org/web/20260507083424id_/https://reemtsma.com/ | Reemtsma: Hanseatisch im Herzen, international im Business (7 May 2026 capture) | 2026-09-20 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | manufacturer | 2026-05-07 | | | | | https://reemtsma.com/ |
53+| dewiki | https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reemtsma_Cigarettenfabriken | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken | 2026-09-20 | Wikipedia | publication | | | | CC BY-SA 4.0 | | |
54+| tonline | https://www.t-online.de/finanzen/aktuelles/wirtschaft/id_101183032/reemtsma-zigarettenfabrik-langenhagen-schliesst-600-jobs-betroffen.html | dpa: Zigarettenwerk schließt, 600 Jobs fallen weg (Reemtsma Langenhagen) | 2026-09-20 | t-online, dpa | publication | 2026-03-24 | | | | | |
55+| wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424136 | Wikidata: Reemtsma (Q1424136) | 2026-09-20 | Wikidata | catalogue | | Q1424136 | | CC0 | | |
56+| ja-fy24 | https://www.lobbyregister.bundestag.de/media/e8/3e/595020/Ree-GmbH_Jahresabschluss-FY24.pdf | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH: Jahresabschluss und Lagebericht zum 30. September 2024 (EY audit copy, filed with the lobby register) | 2026-09-23 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | manufacturer | | | Anhang (28) Konzernzugehörigkeit und Konzernabschluss | | | |
4957<!--/references-->
5058 
5159## About <!--about-->
52−Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH is the German cigarette manufacturer of the Imperial Brands group. Its head office and registered address is Friesenweg 18 in Hamburg-Bahrenfeld, and it is entered in the commercial register of the Amtsgericht Hamburg under HRB 5153, EUID DEK1101R.HRB5153, with the VAT number DE118619656.[^jps-de][^northdata] The company's own entry in the Bundestag lobby register states that it employs more than 1,600 people in Germany and has been part of the Imperial Brands group, seated in Bristol, since 2002.[^lobby] Its German range covers cigarettes such as West, Davidoff, John Player Special, Peter Stuyvesant, Gauloises, Cabinet and Reval, fine-cut tobaccos including Drum and Van Nelle, and smoking accessories such as Rizla papers; it is the second-largest supplier on the German tobacco market.[^dewiki]
53− 
54−The business dates to 1910, when the East Frisian merchant Bernhard Reemtsma took over a small cigarette factory in Erfurt; his son Philipp moved production to Altona-Bahrenfeld in 1923, and the brand Ernte 23 followed in 1924.[^dewiki] The company's own site speaks of more than 110 years of Reemtsma.[^reemtsma] After 1945 the family firm traded as H. F. & Ph. F. Reemtsma GmbH; Jan Philipp Reemtsma sold the family's shares to Tchibo in 1980, and Imperial Tobacco, today Imperial Brands, bought 90.01 per cent in 2002 and later the whole company, which brought the Davidoff cigarette range into the Imperial portfolio.[^dewiki][^ib-brands] The head office moved from Parkstraße in Othmarschen to Bahrenfeld in 2004.[^dewiki] In March 2026 Imperial Brands announced that, after a sale had failed, cigarette production at the Langenhagen plant near Hanover — running since 1971, the group's last German factory and employing about 600 people — would be phased out into 2027.[^tonline]
60+Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH is the German cigarette manufacturer of the Imperial Brands group, with its head office at Friesenweg 18 in Hamburg-Bahrenfeld.[^jps-de] Its shareholder is the Dutch holding company Imperial Tobacco Holdings International B.V., through that company's German branch in Hamburg, and its ultimate parent is Imperial Brands PLC of Bristol.[^ja-fy24] The company's lobby-register entry says it employs more than 1,600 people in Germany and has belonged to the group since 2002.[^lobby] Its German range covers cigarettes such as West, Davidoff, John Player Special, Peter Stuyvesant, Gauloises, Cabinet and Reval, fine-cut tobaccos including Drum and Van Nelle, and Rizla papers; it is the second-largest supplier on the German tobacco market.[^dewiki]
5561 
56−Ownership is recorded only at group level: no public source names the registered shareholder of the GmbH, the shareholder list held at the Hamburg register is not published online and the company has no LEI record, so this page states the group parent and no direct owner. The date on which the GmbH itself was first entered in the Hamburg register is likewise not public, so the founding year given here, 1910, is the year of the business as Wikidata and the German Wikipedia record it.[^wikidata][^dewiki]
62+The business dates to 1910, when the East Frisian merchant Bernhard Reemtsma took over a small cigarette factory in Erfurt; his son Philipp moved production to Altona-Bahrenfeld in 1923, and the brand Ernte 23 followed in 1924.[^dewiki][^wikidata] The company's own site speaks of more than 110 years of Reemtsma.[^reemtsma] After 1945 the family firm traded as H. F. & Ph. F. Reemtsma GmbH; the GmbH now registered as HRB 5153 at the Amtsgericht Hamburg (EUID DEK1101R.HRB5153, VAT number DE118619656) was entered in the register on 15 March 1949.[^northdata] Jan Philipp Reemtsma sold the family's shares to Tchibo in 1980, and Imperial Tobacco, today Imperial Brands, bought 90.01 per cent in 2002 and later the whole company, which brought the Davidoff cigarette range into the Imperial portfolio.[^dewiki][^ib-brands] The register history records profit and loss transfer agreements with the German branch of Imperial Tobacco Holdings International B.V. from December 2005, and again in June 2019 and August 2021.[^northdata] In its financial year 2023/24 the company employed 1,526 people on average, 889 of them in production.[^ja-fy24] The head office moved from Parkstraße in Othmarschen to Bahrenfeld in 2004.[^dewiki] In March 2026 Imperial Brands announced that, after a sale had failed, cigarette production at the Langenhagen plant near Hanover — running since 1971, the group's last German factory and employing about 600 people — would be phased out into 2027.[^tonline]
5763<!--/about-->

Source of v2

# Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken <!--company-->

## Identity <!--identity-->
name: Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken
disambiguation: German cigarette manufacturer in Hamburg, the Imperial Brands subsidiary behind West, Davidoff and John Player Special in Germany; not the Reemtsma family foundations of the same name
summary: German cigarette maker in Hamburg, owned by Imperial Brands since 2002, behind West, Davidoff, JPS and Peter Stuyvesant.
legal_name: Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH
registered_address: Friesenweg 18, 22763 Hamburg, Germany
wikidata: Q1424136
country: DE
website: https://www.reemtsma.com/
register_ids: DE-HRB:Hamburg 5153, VAT:DE118619656, EUID:DEK1101R.HRB5153
founded: 1910
<!--/identity-->

## Relations <!--relations-->
| role       | target                  | market | from | until | ended | status   | source | note                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ---------- | ----------------------- | ------ | ---- | ----- | ----- | -------- | ------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| parent_org | company/imperial-brands |        | 2002 |       |       | verified | ^lobby | Reemtsma states in its own Bundestag lobby-register filing that it has been part of the Imperial Brands group, seated in Bristol, since 2002, and Imperial Brands records the same acquisition (^ib-brands); no public source names the direct registered shareholder of the GmbH, so only the group parent is stated |
<!--/relations-->

## Establishments <!--establishments-->
| mark | kind   | address                                | country | source   | note                                                                                                                                                               |
| ---- | ------ | -------------------------------------- | ------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|      | office | Friesenweg 18, 22763 Hamburg           | DE      | ^lobby   | Head office and the register address of the GmbH, in Hamburg-Bahrenfeld; the same address is given in the company's own imprints (^jps-de)                         |
|      | office | Georgenstraße 25, 10117 Berlin         | DE      | ^lobby   | Hauptstadtrepräsentanz, the capital-city representation named in the lobby-register entry                                                                          |
|      | plant  | Langenhagen near Hanover, Lower Saxony | DE      | ^tonline | Cigarette factory running since 1971 and the group's last German production site; Imperial Brands said in March 2026 that production would be phased out into 2027 |
<!--/establishments-->

## Aliases <!--aliases-->
| name                             | type   | locale | from | until |
| -------------------------------- | ------ | ------ | ---- | ----- |
| Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | legal  |        |      |       |
| Reemtsma                         | search |        |      |       |
| H. F. & Ph. F. Reemtsma GmbH     | search |        |      |       |
<!--/aliases-->

## References <!--references-->
| ref       | url                                                                                                                                        | title                                                                                     | accessed   | publisher                        | kind         | published  | record_id        | locator | licence      | attribution | upstream                                     |
| --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------- | ---------------- | ------- | ------------ | ----------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| ib-brands | https://web.archive.org/web/20260913152353id_/https://www.imperialbrandsplc.com/our-brands                                                 | Imperial Brands: our brands, JPS entry and brand timeline (13 September 2026 capture)     | 2026-09-17 | Imperial Brands                  | manufacturer | 2026-09-13 |                  |         |              |             | https://www.imperialbrandsplc.com/our-brands |
| jps-de    | https://jps.de/impressum/                                                                                                                  | Impressum, jps.de                                                                         | 2026-09-20 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | manufacturer |            |                  |         |              |             |                                              |
| lobby     | https://www.lobbyregister.bundestag.de/suche/R000542                                                                                       | Lobbyregister beim Deutschen Bundestag: Registereintrag REEMTSMA Cigarettenfabriken GmbH  | 2026-09-20 | Deutscher Bundestag              | registry     | 2026-07-07 | R000542          |         |              |             |                                              |
| northdata | https://www.northdata.com/Reemtsma+Cigarettenfabriken+GmbH,+Hamburg/HRB+5153                                                               | North Data: Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, Hamburg, District Court of Hamburg HRB 5153 | 2026-09-20 | North Data                       | registry     |            | DEK1101R.HRB5153 |         |              |             |                                              |
| reemtsma  | https://web.archive.org/web/20260507083424id_/https://reemtsma.com/                                                                        | Reemtsma: Hanseatisch im Herzen, international im Business (7 May 2026 capture)           | 2026-09-20 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | manufacturer | 2026-05-07 |                  |         |              |             | https://reemtsma.com/                        |
| dewiki    | https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reemtsma_Cigarettenfabriken                                                                                  | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken                                                               | 2026-09-20 | Wikipedia                        | publication  |            |                  |         | CC BY-SA 4.0 |             |                                              |
| tonline   | https://www.t-online.de/finanzen/aktuelles/wirtschaft/id_101183032/reemtsma-zigarettenfabrik-langenhagen-schliesst-600-jobs-betroffen.html | dpa: Zigarettenwerk schließt, 600 Jobs fallen weg (Reemtsma Langenhagen)                  | 2026-09-20 | t-online, dpa                    | publication  | 2026-03-24 |                  |         |              |             |                                              |
| wikidata  | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424136                                                                                                     | Wikidata: Reemtsma (Q1424136)                                                             | 2026-09-20 | Wikidata                         | catalogue    |            | Q1424136         |         | CC0          |             |                                              |
<!--/references-->

## About <!--about-->
Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH is the German cigarette manufacturer of the Imperial Brands group. Its head office and registered address is Friesenweg 18 in Hamburg-Bahrenfeld, and it is entered in the commercial register of the Amtsgericht Hamburg under HRB 5153, EUID DEK1101R.HRB5153, with the VAT number DE118619656.[^jps-de][^northdata] The company's own entry in the Bundestag lobby register states that it employs more than 1,600 people in Germany and has been part of the Imperial Brands group, seated in Bristol, since 2002.[^lobby] Its German range covers cigarettes such as West, Davidoff, John Player Special, Peter Stuyvesant, Gauloises, Cabinet and Reval, fine-cut tobaccos including Drum and Van Nelle, and smoking accessories such as Rizla papers; it is the second-largest supplier on the German tobacco market.[^dewiki]

The business dates to 1910, when the East Frisian merchant Bernhard Reemtsma took over a small cigarette factory in Erfurt; his son Philipp moved production to Altona-Bahrenfeld in 1923, and the brand Ernte 23 followed in 1924.[^dewiki] The company's own site speaks of more than 110 years of Reemtsma.[^reemtsma] After 1945 the family firm traded as H. F. & Ph. F. Reemtsma GmbH; Jan Philipp Reemtsma sold the family's shares to Tchibo in 1980, and Imperial Tobacco, today Imperial Brands, bought 90.01 per cent in 2002 and later the whole company, which brought the Davidoff cigarette range into the Imperial portfolio.[^dewiki][^ib-brands] The head office moved from Parkstraße in Othmarschen to Bahrenfeld in 2004.[^dewiki] In March 2026 Imperial Brands announced that, after a sale had failed, cigarette production at the Langenhagen plant near Hanover — running since 1971, the group's last German factory and employing about 600 people — would be phased out into 2027.[^tonline]

Ownership is recorded only at group level: no public source names the registered shareholder of the GmbH, the shareholder list held at the Hamburg register is not published online and the company has no LEI record, so this page states the group parent and no direct owner. The date on which the GmbH itself was first entered in the Hamburg register is likewise not public, so the founding year given here, 1910, is the year of the business as Wikidata and the German Wikipedia record it.[^wikidata][^dewiki]
<!--/about-->